目的 探讨Survivin、血管新生对子宫内膜异位症（内异症）发生、发展的影响及两者间的关系。方法 应用免疫组化的方法检测34例子宫内膜异位症患者（内异症组）和16例非子宫内膜异位症患者（非内异症组）的异位内膜和在位内膜中Survivin蛋白的表达及微血管密度计数，并检测两者的相关性。结果 Survivin在内异症组囊壁组织、在位内膜中高表达，仅在4例（25%）非内异症组内膜中微弱表达。内异症组异位内膜的微血管密度为（28.38 ± 7.49），在位内膜的微血管密度为（24.58 ± 8.19），非内异症组在位内膜的微血管密度为（8.92 ± 3.41），与前两者差异分别有统计学意义（P<0.005）。内异症组在位内膜间质中Survivin的表达与微血管密度有相关性（r=0.561，P=0.019），异位内膜及非内异症组在位内膜中不能证明两者间存在明显相关性（P>0.05）。结论 子宫内膜Survivin的高表达和血管新生增多可能在子宫内膜异位症的发病过程中起重要作用，在位内膜的个体差异可能是导致子宫内膜异位症发生的重要原因。

Objective To detect the effects of Survivin expression and angiogenesis on the etiology and progress in endometriosis and the correlation between them. Methods Seventeen samples of endometriomata, 17 samples of eutopic endometrium of endometriosis, and 16 samples of normal eutopic endometrium were collected for immunochemical staining marked by CD34 and Survivin. We evaluated the expression of Survivin and the microvessel density of all samples under microscopy and tested the correlation between microvessel density (MVD) and Survivin. Results High level of Survivin expressed in both endometriomata and ectopic endometrium,and only 4 samples of normal endometrium had low expression of Survivin. The MVD of endometriomata and eutopic endometrium of endometriosis were (28.38±7.49) and (24.58±8.19), respectively (P>0.05). The MVD of normal endometrium was (8.92±3.41), less than those in the above two groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). There was a correlation between MVD and Survivin in the mesenchyl of endometriosis, but no correlation was observed in other groups. Conclusions The high level expression of Survivin and angiogenesis might play an important role in the etiology and progress of endometriosis. The individual differences of eutopic endometrium might play an important role in the development of endometriosis.