文章快速检索     高级检索
   复旦学报(医学版)  2021, Vol. 48 Issue (1): 140-142      DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8467.2021.01.023
0
Contents            PDF            Abstract             Full text             Fig/Tab
初发表现为不典型结节的A型淋巴瘤样丘疹病1例报道
杨荞榕 , 王强     
复旦大学附属中山医院皮肤科 上海 200032
摘要:本文报告1例49岁男性淋巴瘤样丘疹病患者,皮损广泛发作且多种形态,表现为小核桃大小结节和红色小花生米大小水肿性丘疹,但无瘙痒,病程9年,再发2周。曾在第一次皮损发作时进行过5次局部注射“得宝松”(复方倍他米松注射液)和光化学疗法照光治疗; 本次就诊未进行处理,皮损能自行减轻。局限性或无症状的泛发性皮损建议采取观望策略,但有必要进行多次活检以排除原发性皮肤间变性大细胞淋巴瘤的可能性。
关键词淋巴瘤样丘疹病(LyP)    淋巴细胞增生性疾病    CD30+T细胞    淋巴瘤    
An irregular nodule as the first presentation in lymphomatoid papulosis type A:a case report
YANG Qiao-rong , WANG Qiang     
Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Abstract: In this case report a 49-year-old male patient with disseminated lesions such as a large nodule and lots of small peanut-like papules without itching for 9-year history relapsed for 2 weeks.At his first clinical trial of 9 years before, he was treated by the local injection of "Diprospan" and the therapy of psoralen ultraviolet A for 5 times without good result. In case of a limited or asymptomatic disease, a "wait-and-see strategy" is recommended and the multiple biopsies were necessary to differentiated from the possibility of the development of a primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Key words: lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP)    lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD)    CD30+ T cell    lymphoma    

淋巴瘤样丘疹病(lymphomatoid papulosis,LyP)是一类良性疾病,其特征是复发性丘疹、结节、溃疡等多种皮损,并可能自发消退,也是原发性皮肤CD30+T细胞淋巴增生性疾病(lymphoproliferative disorder,LPD)的一部分,具有相关的全身性或皮肤淋巴瘤的风险[1]。此病比较少见,皮损形态多样,容易误诊,延误治疗。

我们在皮肤科门诊发现1例以不典型结节为初发表现,较为罕见,兹报告如下。

病历资料   患者男性,49岁,全身皮损9年,再发2周。2周前患者最初在洗浴时摸到左上臂屈侧有1个小核桃大小、高出皮面、质韧的肿块,无压痛;同时也发现四肢大量散在大小不一的红色皮疹,高出皮面,无瘙痒。无家族史。追问病史患者在9年前第一次发病时,曾在外院皮肤科多次局部注射“得宝松”(复方倍他米松注射液)和光化学疗法(psoralen ultraviolet A,PUVA))照光治疗。患者一般状况良好,腋下、腹股沟未及肿大淋巴结。皮肤科检查:皮损泛发,表现为左上臂屈曲近肩部有不规则的肉芽肿样结节,如“结节病”样病灶,大小为1.2 cm×1.5 cm,有明显浸润感,部分压之不褪色;结节周围有一些圆顶状米粒大小结节,表面可见粟粒大小脓疱;以及四肢多个散在对称性红色小花生米大小水肿性丘疹,表面光滑有光泽(图 1),余(-)。

A:A nodular, like a sarcoidosis lesion 1-5 cm×1.2 cm in dimension with some pustules on the surface on the left upper arm flexion near the shoulder. B:A papule of red color and shiny surface on the small finger. 图 1 患者初次就诊时的皮损表现 Fig 1 The skin lesions of patient at first visit

实验室检查  血清学检查:EB病毒(EBV)-IgA/IgM和单纯疱疹病毒1/2(HSV1/2)-IgG均为阴性。组织病理学检查:2010年进行第1次活检,为右手背结节;2019年8月再次活检,为左上臂结节。两次组织学结果类似,可见大、中、小淋巴细胞在真皮浅层弥漫性浸润,其中一些淋巴细胞具有间变性,部分细胞多核、核大、核仁明显,并伴有大量的嗜中性粒细胞(图 2)。

Histology revealed a diffuse lymphocytic infiltration in the superficial dermis by small, medium, and large sized lymphocytes, some of which with anaplastic nuclei, accompanied by a variable number of neutrophils and histiocytes (hematoxylin-eosin stain,A:×10, B:×40). 图 2 左上臂内侧结节的病理结果 Fig 2 The histopathological results of the nodule

免疫组化(Envision法,选用美国DAKO公司单克隆抗体)显示相同的异形淋巴细胞是CD3+(图 3A),CD30+(图 3B),LCA+,CD4+,CD5+,MUM1+,TIA-1-/+(20%阳性),CD8-,CD20-,CD15-,颗粒酶B-,穿孔素-,ALK-(克隆P80)和EBER-。估计细胞增殖的标记物Ki-67+约为70%(图 3C)。

Immunophenotypically the lymphocytes were CD3+ (×4) (A), CD30+ (×10) (B) and Ki67(x10) (C). Immunohistochemistry with envision detection system. 图 3 结节的免疫组化检查结果 Fig 3 Immunohistochemistry results of the nodule

诊断   A型淋巴瘤样丘疹病。

随访  在未经治疗的2周随访中观察到明显的改善,皮损总数减少。值得注意的是左上臂的结节性病变明显较前缩小、变平(图 4A)。四肢遗留小花生米大小暗褐色色素沉着斑疹(图 4B)。目前该患者正在随访中,至今无复发。

A:The regression of the nodular lession on the left upper arm.B:The living hyperpigmented lession was found in the extremities. 图 4 2周后随访的皮损表现 Fig 4 The skin lesions at 2-week following-up

讨论    LyP是一种罕见、慢性、复发性、自愈性疾病,病因不明,是原发性皮肤CD30+淋巴组织增生性疾病(primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders,CD30+LPD)的一种,与另外一种原发性皮肤间变性大细胞淋巴瘤相似,尽管细胞形态学表明其细胞核具有间变性和侵袭性,但在大多数情况下不需要治疗预后均良好,CD30+LPD的5年生存率达到96%~100%[2-3]。虽然有多篇成功治疗淋巴瘤样丘疹病的文献报道如:口服甲氨喋呤治疗[4]、口服阿维A联合NB-UVB照射治疗[5]、光动力治疗[6]、维甲酸X受体(RXR)激动剂如Bexarotene (贝沙罗汀,Targretin)[7]以及利用肿瘤坏死因子-α抑制剂如英夫利昔单抗和阿达木单抗治疗[8]等,都取得不错的临床效果。但根据最新美国国家综合癌症网络(National Comprehensive Cancer Network,NCCN v2.2019)指南,针对有广泛疾病的成年患者的原发性皮肤CD30+T LPD,无症状者首选观察[9]。本例患者在2010年接受了多次糖皮质激素皮损内注射联合PUVA治疗,但是这些措施并没有改变疾病的自然病程,也未阻止新皮疹的发生。本次就诊仅对该患者进行了随访观察,未给予任何治疗措施,随访2周后,未经治疗的病变(包括大结节)都明显消退、变平,当然完全消退通常需要几个月的时间。本例患者相隔9年先后两次活检,均提示大、中、小淋巴细胞在真皮浅层弥漫性浸润,其中一些细胞核具有间变性,部分细胞多核、核大、核仁明显;但免疫组化结果显示淋巴细胞CD3+,CD30+,Ki-67+,未见恶性肿瘤细胞。因此,如果是局限性或无症状的疾病,我们认为应采取观望策略,但有必要进行多次活检以区别于原发性皮肤间变性大细胞淋巴瘤发展的可能性。

作者贡献声明   杨荞榕  论文构思,收集资料和论文撰写。王强  修订审核。

利益冲突声明   所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。

参考文献
[1]
KUNISHIGE JH, MCDONALD H, ALVAREZ G, et al. Lymphomatoid papulosis and associated lymphomas:a retrospective case series of 84 patients[J]. Clin Exp Dermatol, 2009, 34(5): 576-581. [DOI]
[2]
BEKKENK MW, GEELEN FA, VOORST VADER PCVAN, et al. Primary and secondary cutaneousCD30+ lymphoproliterative disorders:a report from the Dutch Cutaneous Lymphoma Group on the long-term follow-up data of 219 patients and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment[J]. Blood, 2000, 95(12): 3653-3661. [DOI]
[3]
KEMPF W, PFALTZ K, VERMEER MH, et al. EORTC, ISCL, and USCLC consensus recommendations for the treatment of primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders:lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma[J]. Blood, 2011, 118(15): 4024-4035. [DOI]
[4]
NEWLAND KM, MCCORMACK CJ, TWIGGER R, et al. The efficacy of methotrexate for lymphomatoid papulosis[J]. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2015, 72(6): 1088-1090. [DOI]
[5]
XU H, LIU Q, LI YM, et al. Acitretin combined with NB-UVB in the treatment of cutaneous CD30-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma[J]. Dermatol Ther, 2019, 32(2): e12834. [DOI]
[6]
ARIMATSU A, TOMII K, FUJIWARA H, et al. Photodynamic therapy can prevent recurrence of lymphomatoid papulosis[J]. Photodiagn Photodyn Ther, 2019, 25: 334-335. [DOI]
[7]
KRATHEN RA, WARD S, DUVIC M. Bexarotene is a new treatment option for lymphomatoid papulosis[J]. Dermatology, 2003, 206(2): 142-147. [DOI]
[8]
MEDVECZ M, KISS N, HARSING J, et al. Lymphomatoid papulosis type B in a patient with Crohn's disease treated with TNF-alpha inhibitors infliximab and adalimumab[J]. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat, 2019, 27(3): 202-204.
[9]
National Comprehensive Cancer Network, "Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders"[EB/OL].(2018-12-17)[2020-02-03].https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physiciangls/pdf/primarycutaneous.pdf.

文章信息

杨荞榕, 王强
YANG Qiao-rong, WANG Qiang
初发表现为不典型结节的A型淋巴瘤样丘疹病1例报道
An irregular nodule as the first presentation in lymphomatoid papulosis type A:a case report
复旦学报医学版, 2021, 48(1): 140-142.
Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021, 48(1): 140-142.
Corresponding author
WANG Qiang, E-mail:wangqiang7766@163.com.

工作空间